当地时间7月9日，在德国沃尔夫斯堡召开的大众集团监事会上，原定的大规模裁员及关厂重组计划未获通过 [1]。劳方代表与下萨克森州代表均投出反对票，导致监事会未能就关闭工厂或削减岗位作出任何决议 [1]。此次表决结果暂时保住了面临风险的德国四座整车工厂——埃姆登、茨维考、汉诺威和内卡苏尔姆 [1]。这四家工厂合计拥有约4万名员工和约75万辆的年产能，此前已处于关闭风险之中 [1]。
大众集团原计划到2030年将全球岗位总数从约65万人削减至约55人，即减少约10万个职位 [1]。该战略调整的背景是集团经营业绩的显著下滑：2025年大众在华销量为269万辆，同比下跌8%，较2019年的峰值缩水超过三分之一 [1]；同期集团的经营利润率降至2.8%，创下自2015年“柴油门”事件以来的最低水平 [1]。面对利润压力，管理层试图通过关闭德国工厂和大幅削减成本来扭转局势，但这一方案受到工会协议、州政府否决权以及家族股东博弈的多重阻碍 [1]。
在监事会结构方面，下萨克森州占据20个席位中的两个，加上员工代表共持有12席，拥有对重大决议的否决权 [1]。大众集团首席财务官阿诺·安特利茨表示，在当前复杂的经济和地缘政治环境下，既有协议规划的降本力度已经不够 [1]。保时捷和皮耶希家族通过Porsche SE持有大众集团53.3%的普通股，其利益考量也是影响最终决策的重要因素之一 [1]。
Volkswagen Group failed to pass its restructuring plan at a supervisory board meeting in Wolfsburg on July 9, which would have seen the closure of four plants and job cuts across Germany [1]. The proposal was rejected because representatives from labor unions and the state of Lower Saxony cast opposing votes [1]. Consequently, Volkswagen's original target to reduce approximately 100,000 positions by 2030 remains in place for now, aiming to lower total employment from about 650,000 to roughly 550,000 staff members [1].
The crisis prompting this restructuring effort stems from a sharp decline in the group's operating profit margin to 2.8% in 2025, marking its lowest level since the "dieselgate" scandal of 2015 [1]. This financial pressure was exacerbated by falling sales volumes in China; Volkswagen sold 2.69 million vehicles there last year, an 8% drop compared to the previous period and a decline of more than one-third from peak levels in 2019 [1]. To address these challenges, management had sought to reverse fortunes through cost-cutting measures that included closing four specific vehicle manufacturing plants: Emden, Zwickau, Hannover, and Neckarsulm [1]. These facilities collectively employ approximately 40,000 people and possess an annual production capacity of about 750,000 vehicles [1].
Arno Antlitz, Chief Financial Officer of the Volkswagen Group, stated that existing cost-reduction agreements are insufficient given current economic and geopolitical conditions [1]. The rejection was structurally supported by specific voting rights within the supervisory board; labor representatives hold 12 seats out of a total of 20, while Lower Saxony holds two additional seats, granting them veto power over such decisions [1]. Control of Volkswagen is further influenced by Porsche SE and the Piëch family, which own 53.3% of the group's ordinary shares through their stake in Porsche AG [1].