马萨诸塞州民主党籍美国参议员 Ed Markey 发布了一项名为“人工智能问责议程”的立法提案，旨在通过联邦层面的统一监管标准来应对各州零散立法留下的空白 [1]。该议程重点关注数据中心的环境影响、算法偏见、职场监控以及儿童在线安全等关键问题 [1]。
在核心举措方面，法案要求数据中心必须获得美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）的认证方可运营 [1]。评估中心是否符合标准的指标包括空气质量与水质量、噪音水平、能源成本及电力系统可靠性、当地生态系统与野生动物保护状况，以及对当地经济和就业的影响 [1]。此外，提案还禁止雇主主要依赖自动化系统进行招聘和解雇决策 [1]；要求加强人工智能聊天机器人对儿童的保护措施 [1]；并强制 AI 开发者进行偏见审计 [1]。
Markey 强调建立统一联邦监管标准的必要性以填补现有监管漏洞 [1]。值得注意的是，参议院此前已通过《儿童和青少年在线隐私保护法》，该法案禁止向未成年人投放定向广告 [1]。
US Senator Ed Markey has unveiled a legislative package titled the "AI Accountability Agenda," designed to address negative impacts associated with artificial intelligence through federal legislation [1]. The initiative seeks to establish unified federal regulatory standards, aiming to fill gaps left by fragmented state laws [1]. Key provisions within the agenda include requirements for data centers to obtain certification from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) based on specific environmental and operational metrics [1]. These assessment criteria encompass air and water quality, noise levels, energy costs, power system reliability, impacts on local ecosystems and wildlife, as well as effects on local economies and employment [1].
The proposed legislation also targets workplace practices by prohibiting employers from relying primarily on automated systems for hiring and firing decisions [1]. Additionally, the package includes measures to strengthen safeguards protecting children against AI chatbots and mandates that developers conduct bias audits of their algorithms [1]. Markey emphasized the necessity of these federal standards in his announcement regarding the new bills [1]. The agenda also highlights recent progress in this area, noting that the Senate has already passed the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act to ban targeted advertising directed at minors [1].