在美国与伊朗紧张关系升级的背景下，美国国内汽油价格显著上涨。数据显示，从 2 月 28 日的每加仑 2.98 美元攀升至今年 5 月中旬的每加仑 4.48 美元 [1]。与此同时，布伦特原油期货结算价达到每桶 78.02 美元，较前一交易日上涨 5.2% [1]。
尽管美国已是石油净出口国且仅有少量原油通过霍尔木兹海峡运输，但全球基准油价的联动机制导致上述价格波动传导至国内市场 [1]。美国总统特朗普承认对伊朗采取军事行动将推高油价 [1]。分析指出，霍尔木兹海峡承载了全球约五分之一的石油供应，若该通道中断必将引发全球基准油价飙升 [1]。
目前，美国战略石油储备（SPR）储量已降至 3.195 亿桶，创下自 1983 年以来的最低水平 [1]。然而，关于实际可用库存存在不确定性，专家估计其中可能仅有 1 亿至 1.5 亿桶原油可用于当前的炼油和出口需求 [1]。随着储备量减少及可用库存的不确定性增加，美国应对未来能源供应中断的能力正在减弱 [1]。
Amid escalating tensions between the United States and Iran, the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) has fallen to its lowest level since 1983 [1]. The reserve currently stands at 319.5 million barrels of crude oil [1], with experts estimating that only between 100 million and 150 million barrels are available for current refining needs or export due to uncertainty regarding usable inventory levels [1].
Global benchmark oil prices have risen in tandem, with Brent Crude futures settling at $78.02 per barrel, a 5.2% increase from the previous day's price of $74.39 [1]. This surge has significantly impacted domestic fuel costs; U.S. gasoline prices climbed from $2.98 per gallon on February 28 to $4.48 by mid-May [1].
Although the United States is a net oil exporter and only a small fraction of its crude passes through the Strait of Hormuz, experts warn that global price linkages mean disruptions in this chokepoint—which carries about one-fifth of the world's oil supply—will inevitably drive up domestic prices [1]. President Trump acknowledged these dynamics, admitting that striking Iran would lead to higher gas prices [1].