气候变化正加剧美国及欧洲地区的热浪威胁，高温高湿环境对儿童、老人及患有特定健康状况的人群构成严重危险 [1]。为在无空调情况下安全度过极端高温天气，专家建议寻找公共冷却空间或在家中创建“凉爽角落”，并务必保持水分摄入 [1]。识别中暑症状至关重要，若出现意识混乱、言语不清和昏厥等严重情况，应立即拨打 911 求救 [1]。
衡量热危险程度的详细指标是湿球黑球温度（WBGT），该指标综合考量了气温、湿度、云量和风速等因素 [1]。根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）的图表数据，当气温达到 96 华氏度（36摄氏度）且相对湿度为 45% 时，长时间暴露或进行剧烈活动即属于“危险”类别 [1]。杜克大学热政策创新中心（Heat Policy Innovation Hub）主任 Ashley Ward 指出，若夜间温度不低于 75 华氏度（24摄氏度），热疾病和中暑的死亡率将显著上升 [1]。
针对户外工作者及低收入群体，相关保护措施包括了解所在州的劳动法规以及申请能源援助项目。目前拥有工作保护规则的州包括华盛顿、俄勒冈、加利福尼亚、内华达、科罗拉多、明尼苏达和马里兰州 [1]。UCLA 热实验室主任 Bharat Venkat 表示，许多工人无法自主控制工作时间或地点，且有时遮阳处距离过远，导致工人在担心失去工资的情况下不敢休息 [1]。此外，低收入家庭能源援助计划（Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program）可为符合条件的家庭提供购买窗式空调机的资金支持 [1]。
Climate change is intensifying the threat of heatwaves across the United States and Europe [1]. High temperatures combined with high humidity pose severe dangers specifically to children, the elderly, and individuals with certain health conditions [1]. Experts advise seeking public cooling spaces or creating "cool corners" at home as primary strategies for surviving extreme heat without air conditioning [1]. Staying hydrated is also a critical recommendation during these periods [1].
To accurately assess thermal risk, experts utilize the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), which measures danger levels based on temperature, humidity, cloud cover, and wind speed [1]. According to NOAA charts, exposure becomes classified as "dangerous" when temperatures reach 96 degrees Fahrenheit (36 Celsius) with a humidity level of 45% during prolonged periods or intense activity [1]. Ashley Ward, director of the Duke University Heat Policy Innovation Hub, noted that mortality rates from heat illness and stroke rise significantly if nighttime temperatures do not drop below 75 degrees Fahrenheit (24 Celsius) [1].
Symptoms of severe heatstroke include confusion, slurred speech, and fainting; individuals exhibiting these signs should immediately call 911 [1]. For outdoor workers concerned about losing wages due to taking breaks in distant shaded areas or lacking control over their schedule, Bharat Venkat from the UCLA Heat Lab highlighted that many face such constraints without adequate protection [1]. Workers are urged to familiarize themselves with labor safety regulations specific to their state [1]. States currently possessing work protection rules include Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Colorado, Minnesota, and Maryland [1]. Additionally, low-income families may access window air conditioners through the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program [1].